Iran: major protests continue

Since the end of December 2025, Iran has been experiencing massive anti-government protests triggered by a sharp collapse of the national currency and high inflation. Initial economic hardships quickly evolved into political unrest: demonstrators blame Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, demand a change of power, and in some cases express support for the restoration of the monarchy.

On January 9, 2026, the protests spread to all 31 provinces, including Tehran, Isfahan, Shiraz, and Kermanshah. According to estimates from independent sources and Western human rights groups—Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and HRANA—between 28 and 36 protesters were killed in clashes with security forces. Official Iranian media report the deaths of 6 security personnel and hundreds of injured police and Basij (IRGC-affiliated militia). Between 990 and several thousand participants have been arrested.

In several cities, incidents of arson targeting vehicles, government institutions, and other property have been reported. State media describe these actions as the work of "saboteurs" and "monarchist terrorists," accusing external forces linked to the United States and Israel. Iran's Supreme National Security Council has labeled the protests a "hybrid war" orchestrated by the "Zionist regime" and the United States.

U.S. President Donald Trump has repeatedly warned Iranian authorities of possible intervention, stating readiness to "come to the aid" of the protesters. The protests unfold following Iran's weakened position after the June 2025 war with Israel, during which strikes were carried out against the country's nuclear facilities and military infrastructure.

Mass demonstrations continue despite partial internet shutdowns across the country, which authorities use to disrupt protest coordination.

Context

The economic crisis, the rial's depreciation, and high inflation in 2025 created conditions for widespread unrest, which transformed into political opposition against the leadership.